(n.) The cushionlike projection, bearing a tuft of long hair, on the back side of the leg above the hoof of the horse and similar animals. Also, the joint of the limb at this point (between the great pastern bone and the metacarpus), or the tuft of hair.
Example Sentences:
(1) Axial sesamoid injury appeared to be an indication of severe fetlock trauma due to condylar fracture.
(2) A technique enabling simultaneous visualisation of skin and underlying bony structures in the walking horse was used to quantify skin displacements on the lateral surface of carpal, tarsal and fetlock joints.
(3) Synovial distention of the affected fetlock joints and a pain response to fetlock flexion were typical findings.
(4) The sites of bony attachment of the tendons, ligaments, and fibrous portion of the joint capsules of the equine metacarpophalangeal (fetlock) joint region were determined by gross dissection.
(5) Low molecular weight polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) stimulated net collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis by normal and arthritic equine fetlock cartilage tissues in organ culture.
(6) Wound healing patterns were significantly different (P less than 0.05) in the fetlock wounds and metatarsal wounds.
(7) What seemed at first a whoa-ful tale to be reined in, has now become a bit of a mare, neigh an un-fetlocked disaster, as it gallops into one of the week's mane stories.
(8) Flexion of the fetlock aided passage of the arthroscope into the proximal tendon sheath regions.
(9) Using a computer, data were analyzed for differences in the 4 measurements between treated and control wounds, between fetlock wounds and metatarsal wounds, and among groups 1, 2, and 3.
(10) Desmitis of the fetlock annular ligament was diagnosed in 30 horses during a period of eight years.
(11) The fetlock canal and proximal regions of the tendon sheath were examined by redirecting the arthroscope.
(12) Differences between computed and experimentally obtained values of the torque of the tendon loads with respect to the fetlock joint ranged from -4 to +13%.
(13) Radiographs of all 4 fetlocks of 71 Standardbred racehorses were obtained at 3-month intervals for 1 year.
(14) The dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve does not extend below the fetlock.
(15) Lameness predominated in 1 limb at a trot, although fetlock flexion frequently elicited lameness in other affected limbs.
(16) The cast was applied, with the fetlock and foot in weightbearing position, from the proximal portion of the metacarpus distal to and including the foot.
(17) The hock could be flexed or extended without influencing the position of the stifle joint, and the fetlock and proximal interphalangeal joints could be extended while the hock was maintained in flexion.
(18) Analgesia was measured by determining the latency to onset of the skin twitch and hoof withdrawal reflexes following noxious thermal stimulation of the withers and fetlock, respectively.
(19) The lesions were distributed in many parts of the body involving the medial canthus, shoulder and pectoral regions, knee and fetlock joints, abdominal wall and prepuce.
(20) The occurrence of ASB was combined with kyphosis of the spine, false posture of the rear legs, dystasia, hyperextension of the fetlock, arthrosis of the ankle joint, and anomalies of the claws.
Pastern
Definition:
(n.) The part of the foot of the horse, and allied animals, between the fetlock and the coffin joint. See Illust. of Horse.
(n.) A shackle for horses while pasturing.
(n.) A patten.
Example Sentences:
(1) Other applications, the discussion of which is beyond the scope of this article, include evaluation of the pastern for injuries to the SDF, DDF, and oblique sesamoidean ligament, and evaluation of the navicular bursae.
(2) The palmar metacarpal nerves usually do not innervate structures distal to the pastern joint.
(3) The front foot pastern angle was correlated positively with structural soundness scores, suggesting that sows with smaller angles (more sloping) were given more desirable soundness scores.
(4) Feed intake (FI), rectal temperature (RT), and respiration rate (RR) were recorded daily, and heart rate (HR) and infrared temperatures at the ear canal (ECT), ear tip (ETT), pastern (PT), coronary band (CBT), and tail tip (TTT) were recorded weekly.
(5) Most of these were located below the pastern (90.5%) and most lesions involved hindlimbs (79%).
(6) Arthrodesis of the pastern joint was performed in six horses with a history of acute trauma and in 10 horses with a history of chronic lameness of one to six months duration.
(7) Clinical, radiographical, scintigraphical and histological effects on the navicular bone after resection of the medial and lateral palmar digital arteries in the pastern of one forelimb in ponies are evaluated.
(8) Adhesion formation between the deep digital flexor tendon and the tendon sheath at the pastern region was induced in the forelimbs of all horses.
(9) Immediately following neurectomy there was an area of insensitivity with sharply defined borders extending in an arc from the back of the pastern down towards the bulbs of the heels.
(10) The phenotypic abnormalities observed in all 10 live affected animals included an inability to rise from a recumbent position, moderate to marked intention tremor, eye movements resembling pendular nystagmus, clinical deafness, bilateral Horner's syndrome, carpal contractures, pastern joint hyperextension, thickened skin and to a varying degree, a dome-shaped skull.
(11) The short incomplete sagittal fracture (split pastern) was most common and carried a good prognosis for a return to racing following conservative treatment.
(12) Similarities included abortions, contracture or overextension of the pastern joint, permanent flexure of the carpal joint, lateral rotation of the forelimbs, osteoporosis and bone fragility, and brachygnathia.
(13) The horses were found to be suffering from a slow progressive skin disease with lesions on the chest, shoulders, inner and lateral aspects of the fore- and hindlimbs, the face, fetlocks, pasterns and on the lateral surfaces of the body.
(14) Modest to moderate flexure of the carpal joints, some lateral deviation in the front limbs at the pastern joint and kinked tails were observed.
(15) Sows that survived three parities tended to have larger body capacity (girth diameter and width across hams) and smaller front and bind pastern angles and angles of the carpal joint and hock at maximum flex than did culled sows.
(16) Bony swellings were obvious in the pastern area of both forelegs.
(17) Early dietary energy and Ca-P levels did not influence number of sows completing three parities or culled for various reasons, front and hind pastern angles, the angles at the hock and carpal joint or rear view measurements, but sows fed ad libitum to 100 kg had a larger frame size even after three parities.
(18) The causes, clinical signs and various approaches to treatment of injuries involving the foot and pastern regions are reviewed, and the prognosis for each type of injury is discussed.
(19) Leg angle, pastern angle and time variables were not related with average skid resistance value of the different floors.