(n.) A glucoside found in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza), in monesia bark (Chrysophyllum), in the root of the walnut, etc., and extracted as a yellow, amorphous powder, of a bittersweet taste.
Example Sentences:
(1) The pharmacokinetics of total and free prednisolone (PSL) in six healthy men, with or without pretreatment with oral glycyrrhizin (GL), was investigated to confirm whether oral administration of GL influences the metabolism of PSL in man.
(2) 3) Glycyrrhizin therapy is effective in the treatment of acute hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy due to AV and hepatic dysfunction.
(3) Glycyrrhizin treatment 2 hr prior to the administration of allyl formate also inhibited the development of the periportal hepatocellular necrosis.
(4) For this, rat hepatocytes were isolated, and incubated with antibody raised against rat liver cell membranes, and the effect of glycyrrhizin on their release of transaminase was investigated.
(5) Glycyrrhetic glycosides (GLA-GS), such as glycyrrhizin, were measured after acid hydrolysis to GLA by the enzyme immuno-antibody assay.
(6) Although there were large individual differences, it was found that GLA-GS was eliminated from the blood for the most part within 72 h. On the other hand, GLA reached maximum serum concentration at about 24 h after administration and in two of the five cases it was still detected in the blood even after 96 h. Urinary excretion of GLA was about 2% of the total dose of glycyrrhizin administered.
(7) The tested substances included two sulfated polysaccharides (lentinan sulfate and dextran sulfate) and a nonsulfated polysaccharide PSK, E-P-LEM, glycyrrhizin sulfate, and nucleoside analogues (AZT and DHT).
(8) The pharmacokinetic behavior of glycyrrhizin and its metabolites after oral and intravenous administration of glycyrrhizin to normal subjects was investigated.
(9) Therefore, paeoniflorin and glycyrrhizin, a main component of Shakuyaku and Kanzo, respectively, and glycyrrhetic acid, a metabolite of glycyrrhizin in vivo, were investigated for the steroid production in the rat ovary on the morning of proestrus.
(10) Neither licorice nor glycyrrhizin promoted growth or induced plaque formation.
(11) When 14C-labeled androstenedione was incubated with microsomal fraction of testicular or ovarian tissue, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid inhibited the conversion of androstenedione to testosterone, indicating that these compounds inhibit the activity of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC.
(12) Hydrocortisone and glycyrrhizine act as both stabilizers and labilizers of the lysosomes of liver.
(13) We isolated eight bacterial strains which could hydrolyze glycyrrhizin to glycyrrhezic acid.
(14) Intravenous chronic application (12 months) of glycyrrhizinic acid in the form of Remefa S in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B, is capable of exercising a positive effect on the evolution of the disease.
(15) Glycyrrhizin also inhibited acid phospholipase A2 with pH optimum of 4.5, which is thought to be present in the lysosomal membrane.
(16) The anti-viral mechanism of glycyrrhizin (GL) has been investigated by considering in vitro effects on polypeptide phosphorylation.
(17) These results demonstrate that both patients had a prolongation of the syndrome resembling primary aldosteronism except the low plasma aldosterone level about one month after the glycyrrhizin discontinuation.
(18) Since glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, and carbenoxolone have antiinflammatory properties and have recently been shown to interfere with steroid metabolism in renal tissues, their effects on 11 beta-HSD in human lung tissue have been tested.
(19) To clarify whether glycyrrhizin, the aqueous extract of licorice root and a drug for treatment of chronic active hepatitis, prevents the development of hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride, allyl formate, and endotoxin, the present study was undertaken in rats.
(20) This study demonstrates a unique action of glycyrrhizin (GL) in bidirectionally controlling the growth response of lymphocytes stimulated through a receptor-bypassed pathway by calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
Sucrose
Definition:
(n.) A common variety of sugar found in the juices of many plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, sugar maple, beet root, etc. It is extracted as a sweet, white crystalline substance which is valuable as a food product, and, being antiputrescent, is largely used in the preservation of fruit. Called also saccharose, cane sugar, etc. By extension, any one of the class of isomeric substances (as lactose, maltose, etc.) of which sucrose proper is the type.
Example Sentences:
(1) Size analysis of the solubilized IgA IP employing sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, indicated that these were heterogeneous, with a size generally larger than 19 S.
(2) Histone mRNA, labeled with 32P or 3H-methionine during the S phase of partially synchronized HeLa cells, was isolated from the polyribosomes and purified as a "9S" component by sucrose gradient sedimentation.
(3) Subsequent isoelectric focusing in sucrose revealed an isoelectric point of 9.0-9.2.
(4) Crossed immunoelectrophoresis and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation of the patient's plasma showed his prothrombin to be qualitatively indistinguishable from normal prothrombin by these techniques.
(5) Substitution of NaCl in the extracellular medium by sucrose, LiCl, or Na2SO4 had no effect on glutamate stimulation of [3H]dopamine release; however, release was inhibited when NaCl was replaced by choline chloride or N-methyl-D-glucamine HCl.
(6) Media made hyperosmotic with sucrose increase the frequency of spontaneously released quanta of transmitter, or miniature excitatory postsynaptic potentials (MEPSPs).
(7) Furthermore, the effect of immunization was examined in monkeys previously given fluoride in their diet and which had developed a low incidence of dental caries when offered a human type of diet containing about 15 per cent sucrose.
(8) Cultures of Streptococcus mutans HS-6, OMZ-176, Ingbritt C, 6715-wt13, and pooled human plaque were grown in trypticase soy media with or without 1% sucrose.
(9) Neutral sucrose density sedimentation patterns indicate that neutron-induced double strand-breaks sometimes occur in clusters of more than 100 in the same phage and that the effeciency with which double strand-breaks form is about 50 times that of gamma-induced double strand-breaks.
(10) [14C]Sucrose biliary clearance increased in treated animals, suggesting an increased permeability of the biliary system to sucrose.
(11) Partially purified VLPs were found to sediment at 183S in sucrose gradients and to cross-react with antibody in acute phase sera from geographically isolated cases of ET-NANBH.
(12) The results suggest that in sodium-depleted rats denervation natriuresis can be ascribed neither to strain differences nor to the high sucrose content of the low-sodium diet.
(13) We measured the steady-state volumes of distribution for radioactive chloride, sucrose, and albumin in the lung of six anesthetized, spen-thorax sheep.
(14) Here we compare this revised technique to the classical sucrose density centrifugation procedure.
(15) These extracts were used to purify transcriptionally active 2-microns minichromosomes in a sucrose gradient.
(16) The concentration dependences of response of frog tongue to D-fructose, D-glucose, and sucrose were almost the same, D-galactose, however, elicited a much larger response in comparison with the other sugars in the whole range of concentrations examined.
(17) Similarly at ) degrees glutamine is confined to the simultaneously determined sucrose or mannitol spaces...
(18) Mononucleosomes obtained from labeled cells were fractionated by rate zonal sedimentation through a sucrose gradient in heavy water (Senshu et al.
(19) Sympathetic nervous system function was blocked in developing male SHR by treating pups from days 0 to 14 with: (1) guanethidine, (2) combined alpha- and beta-receptor antagonists (prazosin and timolol), or (3) vehicle (5% sucrose).
(20) The method is based upon osmotic swelling, sonication and centrifugation in sucrose.