(n.) A condition of overgrowth or excessive development of an organ or part; -- the opposite of atrophy.
Example Sentences:
(1) We conclude that chronic emphysema produced in dogs by aerosol administration of papain results in elevated pulmonary artery pressure, which is characterized pathologically by medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries.
(2) The severity and site of hypertrophy is important in determining the clinical picture and the natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).
(3) A NYHA-class greater than II was observed in 18% of patients with type-I hypertrophy, in 29% with type II, but in 61% with type III (p less than or equal to 0.05).
(4) All patients with localized subaortic hypertrophy had left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricular mass or posterior wall thickness greater than 2 SD from normal) with a normal size cavity due to aortic valve disease (2 patients were also hypertensive).
(5) Light microscopy of both apneics and snorers revealed mucous gland hypertrophy with ductal dilation and focal squamous metaplasia, disruption of muscle bundles by infiltrating mucous glands, focal atrophy of muscle fibers, and extensive edema of the lamina propria with vascular dilation.
(6) However, in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) cases, a high false positive rate of 41% was observed in Americans.
(7) We conclude that aging alone has little or no effect on the responsiveness to insulin of glucose metabolism in fat cells and that the insulin resistance of adipocytes from obese older rats is due to fat cell hypertrophy, not aging.
(8) Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica - an epiphyseal developmental disturbance of the skeleton - is combined with exostose-like, tumor-simulating cartilaginous hypertrophy of bone tissue, mainly located at the epiphyses of the lower extremities and at the tarsal bones.
(9) Hypertrophy is restricted to subdivisions of the inferior olive included in recurrent cerebello-mesencephalic-olivary circuits.
(10) Renal hypertrophy was induced in mice by injection of testosterone.
(11) Contribution of proliferation and hypertrophy of the epitheliocytes to the growth and regeneration of the rat parathyroid glands was estimated using organo- and cytometry, cytophotometry of DNA content in the nuclei and determination of mitotic index.
(12) Ultrastructurally, the atrial myocardial cells in all three patients were hypertrophied, and two patients had evidence of focal cell degeneration; the atrium was markedly dilated, but atrial arrhythmias were not noted.
(13) When the same dose of ISO was administered to rats with aortic constriction the rise in labelled Ca uptake by the hypertrophied myocardium of the left ventricle was greatly reduced.
(14) Golgi complex hypertrophy follows fertilization, and this increased activity continues throughout early embryogenesis.
(15) We studied DNA (mtDNA) replication in adult female rat hearts undergoing hypertrophy secondary to constriction of the ascending aorta.
(16) Four hours after infusion, the animals displayed a clinical and pathological pattern which closely resembled post-traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome, including hypoxia, hypocarbia, thrombocytopenia, increased pulmonary capillary permeability to albumin, interstitial edema, hypertrophy of alveolar lining cells, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage.
(17) Twenty-one of the 22 patients showed systolic anterior movement of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve on a cineangiogram and the papillary muscles and left ventricular wall were moderately to severely hypertrophied in 18 patients.
(18) Persisting diastolic dysfunction with a substantial rise in left ventricular filling pressure can be observed during dynamic exercise in postoperative patients with preoperative severe pressure overload hypertrophy.
(19) Water restriction of HYD birds for 5 days as adults stimulated tubule hypertrophy but not to the same extent as the chronic regimen and with no evidence for hyperplasia.
(20) The diagnosis was considered established, when the patient had a significant left intraventricular pressure gradient (LIPG) and by angiographic and or echocardiographic demonstration of systolic anterior movement of the mitral valve and asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
Size
Definition:
(n.) Six.
(v. i.) A thin, weak glue used in various trades, as in painting, bookbinding, paper making, etc.
(v. i.) Any viscous substance, as gilder's varnish.
(v. t.) To cover with size; to prepare with size.
(n.) A settled quantity or allowance. See Assize.
(n.) An allowance of food and drink from the buttery, aside from the regular dinner at commons; -- corresponding to battel at Oxford.
(n.) Extent of superficies or volume; bulk; bigness; magnitude; as, the size of a tree or of a mast; the size of a ship or of a rock.
(n.) Figurative bulk; condition as to rank, ability, character, etc.; as, the office demands a man of larger size.
(n.) A conventional relative measure of dimension, as for shoes, gloves, and other articles made up for sale.
(n.) An instrument consisting of a number of perforated gauges fastened together at one end by a rivet, -- used for ascertaining the size of pearls.
(v. t.) To fix the standard of.
(v. t.) To adjust or arrange according to size or bulk.
(v. t.) To take the height of men, in order to place them in the ranks according to their stature.
(v. t.) To sift, as pieces of ore or metal, in order to separate the finer from the coarser parts.
(v. t.) To swell; to increase the bulk of.
(v. t.) To bring or adjust anything exactly to a required dimension, as by cutting.
(v. i.) To take greater size; to increase in size.
(v. i.) To order food or drink from the buttery; hence, to enter a score, as upon the buttery book.
Example Sentences:
(1) A series of human cDNA clones of various sizes and relative localizations to the mRNA molecule were isolated by using the human p53-H14 (2.35-kilobase) cDNA probe which we previously cloned.
(2) The optimal size for stimulation was between 5 degrees and 12 degrees (visual angle).
(3) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(4) Moreover in MIT-1, the size of the novel polypeptide was not that predicted of the precursor (44.9 kDa) but was about 39 kDa, the same size as the authentic GS gamma polypeptide in CYT-4.
(5) The statistical T value calculated for the LP-TAE group showed that the administration of LP, the tumor size, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein infiltration, and serum total bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected the patients' survival.
(6) Size analysis of the solubilized IgA IP employing sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, indicated that these were heterogeneous, with a size generally larger than 19 S.
(7) Using the oocyte system to express size-fractionated mRNA, we have also determined that the mRNA coding for this protein is between 1.9-2.4 kilobases in length.
(8) In all groups, there was a fall in labeling index with time reflecting increasing tumor size.
(9) However, both were identical in size when synthesized in COS-1 cells in the presence of tunicamycin or when deglycosylated after their synthesis in Xenopus oocytes.
(10) To estimate the age of onset of these differences, and to assess their relationship to abdominal and gluteal adipocyte size, we measured adiposity, adipocyte size, and glucose and insulin concentrations during a glucose tolerance test in lean (less than 20% body fat), prepubertal children from each race.
(11) In 2012, 20% of small and medium-sized businesses were either run solely or mostly by women.
(12) All patients with localized subaortic hypertrophy had left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricular mass or posterior wall thickness greater than 2 SD from normal) with a normal size cavity due to aortic valve disease (2 patients were also hypertensive).
(13) We studied the effects of the localisation and size of ischemic brain infarcts and the influence of potential covariates (gender, age, time since infarction, physical handicap, cognitive impairment, aphasia, cortical atrophy and ventricular size) on 'post-stroke depression'.
(14) The results were compared with those obtained by Hess and Goldblatt, and were further analyzed for possible differences by age, sex, ethnicity, and family size.
(15) The combined results suggest that any possible heterogeneity in the L-CAM genes is not reflected in the size of either the mRNA or protein.
(16) After immunoadsorbent purification, the final step in a purification procedure similar to that adopted for colon cancer CEA, two main molecular species were identified: 1) Material identical with colon cancer CEA with respect to molecular size, PCA solubility, ability to bind to Con A, and most important the ability to bind to specific monkey anti-CEA serum.
(17) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
(18) The minimal change in gel fiber size caused by slow A release implies that fibrin fiber size is primarily a function of ionic environment and not of the sequence of peptide release.
(19) The total content of both thyroid hormones in the oocytes increased throughout most of the ovarian cycle as the oocytes increased in size from less than 2 mg to approximately 6.5 mg by ovulation.
(20) Tactile stimulation of a coin-sized area in a T-2 dermatome consistently triggered a lancinating pain in the ipsilateral C-8 dermatome in a 38-year-old woman.