(n.) Confusion of thought; perplexity; uncertainty; state of bewilderment.
(n.) A confusing and baffling network, as of paths or passages; an intricacy; a labyrinth.
(v. t.) To perplex greatly; to bewilder; to astonish and confuse; to amaze.
(v. i.) To be bewildered.
Example Sentences:
(1) Learning ability was assessed using a radial arm maze task, in which the rats had to visit each of eight arms for a food reward.
(2) These impairments were seen in animals of both sexes, a finding which challenges the view that only females prenatally treated with nicotine show deficits in maze learning.
(3) It starts and ends in Vidigal and includes a hike up the mountain Tavares Bastos Jazz night at Maze pousada in Tavares Bastos Vidigal is not the only favela with nightlife credentials.
(4) The Learning behavior on a water maze was observed in Wistar-JCL rats which were 10 weeks of age at the beginning of tests.
(5) The results indicate that behavior in transition states maintained by reinforcement contingencies in the radial maze is similar to that maintained by extended chained schedules, despite the fact that some of the stimuli controlling behavior in the maze are absent at the moment behavior is emitted.
(6) "The rise in those who are self-employed is good news, but the reality is that those who have turned to freelance work in order to pull themselves out of unemployment and those who have decided to work for themselves face a challenging tax maze that could land them in hot water should they get it wrong," says Chas Roy-Chowdhury, head of taxation at the Association of Certified Chartered Accountants.
(7) In a third experiment, animals were trained 16 days in the same maze configuration and at day 17 they were exposed to the mirror image of the radial maze.
(8) In the radial maze task, both VE(-) and VE(+) animals required as many trials to reach the learning criterion as control animals.
(9) Spatial working memory was examined in an 8-arm radial water maze task 6 weeks after bulbectomy.
(10) Grafts taken from older (E21) donors did produce a short-lasting improvement in the T-maze alternation performance, replicating the previous report.
(11) Further studies are needed to clarify the reasons of the marked age-related difference in the effects of DSP-4 on the performance of water maze task in rats.
(12) Experimental data are presented on the formation and retention during 24 hours of a motor alimentary conditioned reflex (MCR) in a T-maze, in rats 4--5 months and 1,5--2 months old.
(13) Prior to analysis the spatial learning ability of the aged rats was assessed in the Morris' water maze test.
(14) Bilateral excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) in the rat cause deficits in the water maze, a spatial memory paradigm.
(15) In the present work no significant differences were found between the behaviour of FG7142-kindled rats and vehicle-treated controls in social interaction test, elevated plus maze, or the Vogel conflict test of anxiety or in tests of home cage aggression or startle responses.
(16) The animals were tested for learning ability in a Morris water maze task starting 6 or 12 weeks post-COLCH.
(17) Chronic exposure of rats to low levels of halothane during development, a treatment which retards synaptogenesis, was found to cause a long-term impairment of choice accuracy in the radial-arm maze.
(18) A simple T-maze was utilized to evaluate the aversive effects of exposure to three levels of static magnetic field (0, 1.5, and 4 T).
(19) Radial arm maze observations were made on offspring rats during a total of 30 trials, and we made the following findings: 1) The number of trials required for fulfilling learning criterion was significantly large in F-DEL and F-NURS male rats groups relative to the controls; that is, F-DEL and F-NURS were slow in learning.
(20) These data suggest that doses of NMDA receptor channel antagonists sufficient to disrupt hippocampal long-term potentiation and radial arm maze performance will also disrupt delayed conditional discrimination.
Tangle
Definition:
(n.) To unite or knit together confusedly; to interweave or interlock, as threads, so as to make it difficult to unravel the knot; to entangle; to ravel.
(n.) To involve; to insnare; to entrap; as, to be tangled in lies.
(v. i.) To be entangled or united confusedly; to get in a tangle.
(n.) Any large blackish seaweed, especially the Laminaria saccharina. See Kelp.
(v.) A knot of threads, or other thing, united confusedly, or so interwoven as not to be easily disengaged; a snarl; as, hair or yarn in tangles; a tangle of vines and briers. Used also figuratively.
(v.) An instrument consisting essentially of an iron bar to which are attached swabs, or bundles of frayed rope, or other similar substances, -- used to capture starfishes, sea urchins, and other similar creatures living at the bottom of the sea.
Example Sentences:
(1) The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy.
(2) It was the ease with which minor debt could slide into a tangle of hunger and despair.
(3) Although a trend was observed for TMA-DPH mobility to parallel histopathologic severity in hippocampal specimens, the biophysical changes did not appear to reflect a loss of neuronal membranes relative to glial membranes or the presence of senile plaques or neurofibrillary tangles.
(4) Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are observed in very high densities in the brains of former professional boxers suffering from dementia pugilistica.
(5) Elevated brain Al concentrations, especially in cortical regions, were associated with behavioral changes and the development of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs).
(6) The smoky density of the mackerel was nicely offset by the pointed black olive tapenade and the fresh, zingy flavours present in little tangles of tomato, shallot, red pepper and spring onion, a layer of pea shoots and red chard, and the generous dressing of grassy olive oil.
(7) Changes were more severe in white matter close to cortical areas with a great density of neurofibrillary tangles.
(8) There is a tangled web between Salazar, Nike, Farah and the Nike Oregon Project on one hand, and the British Athletics performance director, Neil Black, and head of endurance, Barry Fudge, on the other.
(9) Whereas cortical senile plaque count did not distinguish well between demented and nondemented subjects, every subject with numerous cortical neurofibrillary tangles was demented.
(10) Clinical symptoms of amnesia appear when amyloid induces neighbouring neuritic alterations: paired helical filaments and distant neuronal body lesions: neurofibrillary tangles.
(11) Staggerer cerebellar cortex exhibits the greatest fluorescence with most terminals appearing as matted tangles adjacent cell bodies.
(12) Tangle-free neurons in both diseased and control brains showed weak to absent intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity.
(13) But tangled up in its visions of thousands of new “starter homes” – 5,000 more of which were promised on Monday, when the government said it was going to directly commission housebuilding on five sites in the south of England – are an array of drastic measures aimed at what remains of England’s council homes.
(14) The capacity for protein synthesis in tangled cells appears, therefore, to be progressively decreased with accumulation of tangle, whereas that for oxidative metabolism is maintained and lysosomal activity, perhaps, increased.
(15) On electron microscopy the normal lamellar pattern made up of orientated collagen fibrils all about 80 nm diameter is replaced by a random tangled pattern of much thinner irregularly curved fibrils, some as thin as 5nm.
(16) Eight brains failed to reveal considerable numbers of neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuropil threads, but these brains showed the presence of abnormal and intensely argyrophilic grains loosely scattered throughout the neuropil.
(17) N-Terminal and C-terminal domains of tau were found to be present in tangles in situ.
(18) The neuropathological lesions were assessed using a fluorescent stain for neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
(19) However, increased knowledge concerning macromolecular abnormalities in amyloid containing plaques and neurofibrillary tangles makes the outlook for a diagnostic test for AD on CSF promising.
(20) The trial, originally expected to be staid, has exposed severe dysfunction within Bo's family and detailed the complicated tangle of allegiances and affairs that led to his downfall .