(n.) an instrument or device for priming; esp., a cap, tube, or water containing percussion powder or other compound for igniting a charge of gunpowder.
(a.) First; original; primary.
(n.) Originally, a small prayer book for church service, containing the little office of the Virgin Mary; also, a work of elementary religious instruction.
(n.) A small elementary book for teaching children to read; a reading or spelling book for a beginner.
(n.) A kind of type, of which there are two species; one, called long primer, intermediate in size between bourgeois and small pica [see Long primer]; the other, called great primer, larger than pica.
Example Sentences:
(1) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
(2) Elongation of existing RNA primers by the human polymerase-primase was semi-processive; following primer binding the DNA polymerase continuously incorporated 20 to 50 nucleotides, then it dissociated from the template DNA.
(3) This cDNA was obtained because of an identical 10 bp match with the 3' end of one of the GnRH primers.
(4) When PCR products in each of the 12 cats were subjected to a second amplification using the same primer pair (two-step amplification: double PCR), FIV proviral DNA was detected in all of the cats.
(5) In junctions, 3' PSS termini are preserved by fill-in DNA synthesis, although their 5' recessed ends cannot serve as a primer.
(6) Previous studies demonstrated that, when poly(dT).oligo(dA) was used as a template-primer, both proteins were required for poly(dA) synthesis.
(7) 5'-Ends of transcripts of the region were located by S1 nuclease mapping and primer extension.
(8) Nucleotide incorporation kinetics were determined and sequence specific pausing was analyzed by primer-extension.
(9) Primer extension and S1 nuclease protection analysis demonstrate that the hepatic and kidney specific mRNAs are transcriptionally initiated at different sites within the sialyltransferase gene.
(10) alpha 1 and alpha 2 were very similar as DNA polymerases in their sensitivity to several inhibitors and their preference for template-primers, except that alpha 1 had a slightly greater preference for poly (dT) X (rA)10 than alpha 2 did.
(11) Our results indicate that provirus expression occurs by two different mechanisms: one provirus acquired a single base pair mutation in the retrovirus tRNA primer binding site, permitting provirus expression; expression of three proviruses was mediated by 5'-flanking DNA sequences.
(12) Cognate sites in genomes that diverged approximately 100 million years ago can be detected by PCR assays based on primer pairs from unique sequences.
(13) HDV cDNA was then directly amplified with Taq polymerase using three pairs of specific primers.
(14) This reaction involved the synthesis of a short oligoribonucleotide primer which was then extended into a DNA chain.
(15) cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription of peripheral blood mRNA and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers corresponding to sequences 400 bp apart on the cDNA, spanning the last three exons (X, Y, Z) of the beta-Sp gene.
(16) B.subtilis phage M2 uses a protein, instead of RNA, as the primer of its DNA replication.
(17) Optimum specific amplification resulted when the primer annealing temperature was 60 degrees C. The gene fragment was amplifiable in 25 different Brucella species and strains.
(18) Primer extension experiments show that in fission yeast transcripts are initiated at the same starting point as in tomato, indicating for the first time that a plant promoter can be correctly recognized in fission yeast.
(19) Genomic clones for the mouse estrogen receptor have been isolated from a cosmid library and used in conjunction with the cDNA clones to study the expression of the receptor in vivo by RNase mapping, primer extension, and Northern blotting.
(20) By using primer 1 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGGAATCCAGGATCTG-3', upstream nucleotides 157 to 2877), primer 2 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGAACGTGAAGGAATCG-3', upstream nucleotides 1846 to 2877), and primer 4(5'-ATAAAGCTTAATCAGACGTTCTCTTCTTC-3', downstream nucleotides 157 to 2877 and 1846 to 2877), the HCMV B gene code region sequence and its glycoprotein 52 kd antigenic domain sequence were amplified from the recombinant plasmid pBH1 DNA containing the HCMV B gene.
Size
Definition:
(n.) Six.
(v. i.) A thin, weak glue used in various trades, as in painting, bookbinding, paper making, etc.
(v. i.) Any viscous substance, as gilder's varnish.
(v. t.) To cover with size; to prepare with size.
(n.) A settled quantity or allowance. See Assize.
(n.) An allowance of food and drink from the buttery, aside from the regular dinner at commons; -- corresponding to battel at Oxford.
(n.) Extent of superficies or volume; bulk; bigness; magnitude; as, the size of a tree or of a mast; the size of a ship or of a rock.
(n.) Figurative bulk; condition as to rank, ability, character, etc.; as, the office demands a man of larger size.
(n.) A conventional relative measure of dimension, as for shoes, gloves, and other articles made up for sale.
(n.) An instrument consisting of a number of perforated gauges fastened together at one end by a rivet, -- used for ascertaining the size of pearls.
(v. t.) To fix the standard of.
(v. t.) To adjust or arrange according to size or bulk.
(v. t.) To take the height of men, in order to place them in the ranks according to their stature.
(v. t.) To sift, as pieces of ore or metal, in order to separate the finer from the coarser parts.
(v. t.) To swell; to increase the bulk of.
(v. t.) To bring or adjust anything exactly to a required dimension, as by cutting.
(v. i.) To take greater size; to increase in size.
(v. i.) To order food or drink from the buttery; hence, to enter a score, as upon the buttery book.
Example Sentences:
(1) A series of human cDNA clones of various sizes and relative localizations to the mRNA molecule were isolated by using the human p53-H14 (2.35-kilobase) cDNA probe which we previously cloned.
(2) The optimal size for stimulation was between 5 degrees and 12 degrees (visual angle).
(3) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(4) Moreover in MIT-1, the size of the novel polypeptide was not that predicted of the precursor (44.9 kDa) but was about 39 kDa, the same size as the authentic GS gamma polypeptide in CYT-4.
(5) The statistical T value calculated for the LP-TAE group showed that the administration of LP, the tumor size, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein infiltration, and serum total bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected the patients' survival.
(6) Size analysis of the solubilized IgA IP employing sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, indicated that these were heterogeneous, with a size generally larger than 19 S.
(7) Using the oocyte system to express size-fractionated mRNA, we have also determined that the mRNA coding for this protein is between 1.9-2.4 kilobases in length.
(8) In all groups, there was a fall in labeling index with time reflecting increasing tumor size.
(9) However, both were identical in size when synthesized in COS-1 cells in the presence of tunicamycin or when deglycosylated after their synthesis in Xenopus oocytes.
(10) To estimate the age of onset of these differences, and to assess their relationship to abdominal and gluteal adipocyte size, we measured adiposity, adipocyte size, and glucose and insulin concentrations during a glucose tolerance test in lean (less than 20% body fat), prepubertal children from each race.
(11) In 2012, 20% of small and medium-sized businesses were either run solely or mostly by women.
(12) All patients with localized subaortic hypertrophy had left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricular mass or posterior wall thickness greater than 2 SD from normal) with a normal size cavity due to aortic valve disease (2 patients were also hypertensive).
(13) We studied the effects of the localisation and size of ischemic brain infarcts and the influence of potential covariates (gender, age, time since infarction, physical handicap, cognitive impairment, aphasia, cortical atrophy and ventricular size) on 'post-stroke depression'.
(14) The results were compared with those obtained by Hess and Goldblatt, and were further analyzed for possible differences by age, sex, ethnicity, and family size.
(15) The combined results suggest that any possible heterogeneity in the L-CAM genes is not reflected in the size of either the mRNA or protein.
(16) After immunoadsorbent purification, the final step in a purification procedure similar to that adopted for colon cancer CEA, two main molecular species were identified: 1) Material identical with colon cancer CEA with respect to molecular size, PCA solubility, ability to bind to Con A, and most important the ability to bind to specific monkey anti-CEA serum.
(17) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
(18) The minimal change in gel fiber size caused by slow A release implies that fibrin fiber size is primarily a function of ionic environment and not of the sequence of peptide release.
(19) The total content of both thyroid hormones in the oocytes increased throughout most of the ovarian cycle as the oocytes increased in size from less than 2 mg to approximately 6.5 mg by ovulation.
(20) Tactile stimulation of a coin-sized area in a T-2 dermatome consistently triggered a lancinating pain in the ipsilateral C-8 dermatome in a 38-year-old woman.