(1) Animals with medial prefrontal cortex or parietal cortex lesions and sham-operated and non-operated controls were tested for the acquisition of an adjacent arm task that accentuated the importance of egocentric spatial localization and a cheese board task that accentuated the importance of allocentric spatial localization.
(2) This error can be explained on the one hand in terms of response dependence or egocentrism, or on the other hand as due to a lack of adequate spatial cues to allocentric position.
(3) Examples of the presence of properties of ego- and allocentric systems in SMA are given.
(4) A second group of rats was trained on a right-left discrimination (egocentric) and a place-learning task (allocentric).
(5) Both groups were impaired on a spatial landmark test which used luminous stimuli presented in the dark, in positions that varied randomly with respect to the monkey so that only allocentric cues were available.
(6) The data suggest a double dissociation of function between medial prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex in terms of coding of egocentric versus allocentric spatial information.
(7) Three types of neurons were identified by rotating the animals: egocentric and allocentric, and indeterminate.
(8) Of these place related neurons, 21 were also directionally selective with responses described in egocentric or allocentric coordinates or both.
(9) Thus, when an animal is not able to navigate on the basis of an extrapersonal (allocentric) system as a result of drug treatment, it will revert to an egocentric system.
(10) The results indicate that whether an impairment occurs on a task that is thought to test the perception of egocentric space may depend on whether the animal has to notice and attend to a remote cue, and that an attentional disorder may also explain impairments reported on tests of allocentric perception where the critical cue is spatially remote from the response site.
(11) This is in contrast to allocentric localization, where an organism localizes on the basis of cues external to the organism.
(12) The results suggest that these hippocampal neurons may be involved in identification of relations among various kinds of stimuli in different spatial frameworks (egocentric or allocentric) and this identification may be developed from multiple sensory modalities.
(13) The high doses of both CGP compounds as well as dizocilpine produced impairments in the acquisition of an egocentric orientation task and an allocentric reversal task indicated by an increased number of arm entries and re-entries.
(14) The results of this study support the hypothesis that PC plays an important role in the processing of information about space that is allocentric or external to the body.
(15) Two hypotheses have been proposed to account for this goal-invariance property: either (i) the goal is reconstructed and memorized in the stable frame of reference linked to the environment ("allocentric, coordinates") or (ii) the goal is selected and memorized in the sensors-related maps ("egocentric coordinates") and is continuously updated by efferent copies of the motor commands.
(16) Eighty male rats receiving either a unilateral or bilateral lesion of AGm or PPC were examined on an egocentric (adjacent arm) or an allocentric (cheeseboard) maze task.
(17) To test this prediction, two groups of rats were trained on two different egocentric memory tasks and two different allocentric memory tasks.
(18) The results show close relations between the coding of environmental space cues in egocentric and allocentric coordinates, and place related activity in the primate hippocampus.
(19) In contrast, bilateral PPC operates demonstrated a severe deficit in allocentric processing.
(20) Animals were successively trained on navigation in the Morris water maze (allocentric) and delayed spatial alternation in a water T-maze (egocentric).
Selfish
Definition:
(a.) Caring supremely or unduly for one's self; regarding one's own comfort, advantage, etc., in disregard, or at the expense, of those of others.
(a.) Believing or teaching that the chief motives of human action are derived from love of self.
Example Sentences:
(1) A series of hierarchical multiple regressions revealed the effects of Surgency, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, and Intellect on evoking upset in spouses through condescension (e.g., treating spouse as stupid or inferior), possessiveness (demanding too much time and attention), abuse (slapping spouse), unfaithfulness (having sex with others), inconsiderateness (leaving toilet seat up), moodiness (crying a lot), alcohol abuse (drinking too much alcohol), emotional constriction (hiding emotions to act tough), and self-centeredness (acting selfishly).
(2) They have been selfish, thinking of what they can achieve with gas.
(3) For a while yesterday, Hazel Blears's selfishly-timed resignation with her rude "rock the boat" brooch send shudders of revulsion through some in the party.
(4) A second level of concerted evolution occurs within the functional L1 sequences in a pattern that did not meet our expectations for selfish DNA.
(5) Not only did it make every grocery-store run a guilt trip; it made me feel selfish for caring more about birds in the present than about people in the future.
(6) Back in 1999 Chris Sidoti, then-head of the Australian Human Rights Commission, called the baby boomers “the most selfish generation in history”.
(7) It said Clinton's "cheap shots" had a hidden agenda to discredit China's engagement with Africa and "drive a wedge between China and Africa for the US selfish gain."
(8) We propose that REP sequences may be a prokaryotic equivalent of 'selfish DNA' and that gene conversion may play a role in the evolution and maintenance of REP sequences.
(9) Although angry when talking about the regime, his campaign grew from selfish motives.
(10) After The Arbor's success, said Barnard, the women who would become The Selfish Giant's executive producers, Lizzie Francke at the BFI and Katherine Butler from Film4, "were fantastic about saying, 'What do you want to do next?
(11) None of them is British, though there is great anticipation about The Selfish Giant, Clio Barnard's second feature, which premieres in the Directors' Fortnight .
(12) Further, it is selfish to suggest that Americans should feel some sort of responsibility for their fellow citizens.
(13) In an ideal world, such findings might be interpreted as smart women making smart choices, but instead it seems that this research is just adding fuel to the argument that women who don't have children, regardless of the reason, are not just selfish losers but dumb ones as well.
(14) Denial is absurdly selfish (and yet the best selfishness is yet to come).
(15) Jeremy Clarkson faced further censure on Saturday after describing people who killed themselves by jumping under trains as "selfish".
(16) A world filled with broken promises, selfishness and separations.
(17) In fact, Wilson's arguments are more fundamental and persuasive than Snow's; works on evolution, like Sociobiology and Dawkins's The Selfish Gene, have been absorbed into western cultural life as neatly as any neo-Darwinist could have predicted.
(18) Sometimes the athletes are so selfish they won't give up their own stuff to help others."
(19) Her newspaper profiles over the years are peppered with self-deprecating references to her sporting ruthlessness: her constant mentions of her selfishness and egotism; her win-at-all-costs, only-gold-medals-matter mentality; or the time she flung her helmet at her boyfriend in frustration after losing a race.
(20) This has been encouraged by the press' standard strike narrative: these selfish bastards are striking, this is bad, and it will affect you in this awful unacceptable way of maybe making you slightly late for work.